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 Title of Report: The Fusion of Goffman's Theory in "Casablanca"

"Casablanca" is a classic American film, adored by audiences since its release in 1942. It is renowned for its unique plot, profound themes, and excellent performances. In this article, I will discuss several elements of Erving Goffman's theory as they appear in "Casablanca" and how these elements enhance the film's watchability and thought-provoking nature.

Goffman's theories primarily focus on social interaction and the role of individuals in society. In his book "The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life," he introduced the concept of "performance," emphasizing how individuals present themselves through various means in social interactions. Here are the elements of Goffman's theory manifest in "Casablanca":

1. Performance and Self-Presentation: The characters in the film are engaged in a continuous performance. For instance, Rick (played by Humphrey Bogart) portrays a cold and mysterious nightclub owner, yet hides a deep affection for his lost love. Ilsa (Ingrid Bergman) plays a complex role between Rick and her husband, Victor (Paul Henreid). Through their actions, words, and expressions, these characters exemplify Goffman's concept of "performance."

2. Frontstage and Backstage: Goffman divided social interaction into frontstage and backstage. In "Casablanca," the nightclub serves as the frontstage where characters present their public personas. Meanwhile, Rick's private office behind the club acts as his "backstage," where he reveals his true emotions. This switching between frontstage and backstage reveals the multifaceted nature of the characters in different contexts.

3. Role Play and Extra-Dyadic Communication: The characters must adjust their behavior according to varying situations and audiences. For example, when Ilsa reunites with Rick at the nightclub, she maintains composure in public but can express her true feelings to Rick in private. This skill of role play and extra-dyadic communication illustrates Goffman's idea of how individuals present themselves in different social settings.

4. Impression Management: To maintain the consistency and stability of their performances, the characters engage in impression management. Both Rick and Ilsa strive to control their emotions to avoid revealing their true intentions to others. This process of impression management highlights Goffman's theory of how individuals shape and maintain their images in social situations.

In summary, "Casablanca" is a film that richly embodies the elements of Goffman's theory. Through the characters' performances, the transition between frontstage and backstage, role play and extra-dyadic communication, and impression management, the film showcases the application of Goffman's theories in everyday life. These elements not only add depth and contemplation to the film but also provide the audience with profound insights into social interactions and individual behavior.


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